OPOMNIK: IJS KOLOKVIJ, ponedeljek, 22. marec 2010, prof. dr. Peter Day

[Andreja Berglez]

Vabim vas na 9. predavanje iz sklopa "Kolokviji na IJS" v letu 2009/10, ki
bo v ponedeljek, 22. marca 2010, ob 13. uri v Veliki predavalnici Instituta
>Jožef Stefan< na Jamovi cesti 39 v Ljubljani. Napovednik predavanja najdete
tudi na naslovu http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/Program?action=AttachFile
<http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/Program?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Program.pdf>
&do=get&target=Program.pdf, posnetke preteklih predavanj pa na
http://videolectures.net/kolokviji_ijs. 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



Prof. dr. Peter Day

University College London in Royal Institution of Great Britain, Velika
Britanija

 

Kemija Meterialov - nova znanost za 21. Stoletje. Kaj je in zakaj je in
zakaj je pomembna

 

Pred dvajsetimi leti povezave besed "kemija" in "materiali" ni bilo.
Kemijska znanost je bila tradicionalno razdeljena v organsko, anorgansko in
fizikalno kemijo. Vzporedno je fizika trdne snovi takrat v glavnem
obravnavala primere preprosto urejenih kristalnih struktur s ciljem, da bi
razumela modelne elektronske strukture: ionske (NaCl, MgO), kovalentne (C,
Si), kovinske (Na, Cu), Van der Waalsove (organske spojine, žlahtni plini)
in druge. Po letu 1970 pa je postalo jasno, da tak poenostavljen način ne
zadošča več. Na primer: dejstva, da so molekulske trdne snovi lahko kovine
ali celo superprevodniki, da so nizko dimenzionalne trdne snovi lahko ionske
v eni orientaciji ali kovinske oziroma magnetne v drugi in da so feromagneti
lahko transparentni, izolacijski in celo topni v topilih, se s takratnimi
modeli ni dalo razložiti. Ob tem so se pojavile nove oblike snovi z novimi
fizikalnimi lastnostmi: molekulski magneti, kiralni magneti, prevodniki in
drugo. Nova spoznanja izhajajo iz načina kemijske sinteze - od tod torej
izvira ime >kemija materialov<. V predavanju bo predstavljena transformacija
znanosti o trdni snovi s primeri raziskav predavatelja, hkrati pa bo govor
tudi o prihodnjem razvoju, ko naj bi nastajale nove strukture in lastnosti,
ki so danes znane zgolj teoretično.

 

Predavanje bo v angleškem jeziku.

Lepo vabljeni!

 

***

 

We would like to invite you to 9th lecture of the "Kolokvij na IJS" in the
school year 2009/10. The lecture will be held on Monday, March 22, 2010 at 1
pm at JSI main lecture hall, Jamova 39, Ljubljana. The abstract of the
lecture can be found on website:
http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/Program?action=AttachFile
<http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/Program?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=Program.pdf>
&do=get&target=Program.pdf, the previous recorded lectures can be found on
website:  <http://videolectures.net/kolokviji_ijs>
http://videolectures.net/kolokviji_ijs. 

********************************************



Prof. dr. Peter Day

University College and Royal Institution, London, UK

 

Materials Chemistry - a Science for the 21st Century

What is it and why does it matter?

 

 

Twenty years ago the two words 'materials' and 'chemistry' were never found
together.  Traditionally the science of chemistry was divided into organic
(dealing with carbon-containing molecules), inorganic (the broad palette of
the Periodic Table, but subdivided into molecular and continuous-lattice
solid-state) and physical (aiming to define the fundamental principles that
would unify the whole subject).  In parallel, solid-state physics treated
mainly paradigms taken from the simplest ordered crystal structures to probe
the limits of the extreme models of electronic structure: ionic (NaCl, MgO),
covalent (C, Si,), metallic (Na, Cu), Van der Waals (organics and rare
gases) and so on.  From the 1970s onwards it became clear that such a
simplistic approach was breaking down.  For example, molecular solids can be
metals or even superconductors; low-dimensional solids may be ionic in one
orientation but metallic or magnetic in another; ferromagnets may be
transparent, insulating and even solvent-soluble.  Added to this, new forms
of matter with new kinds of physical properties have emerged:
single-molecule-magnets, chiral magnets and conductors and so on.  This
novelty arises from chemical synthesis - hence the emergence of 'materials
chemistry'.  In this lecture I will survey this transformation in
condensed-matter science, in part using examples from our own work, and also
look forward towards structures and properties that don't exist now but may
be capable of doing so in the future.

 

We look forward to meeting you at the "Kolokvij na IJS"!

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