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<p class="MsoTitle" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black;font-weight:normal">VABILO NA INŠTITUTSKO PREDAVANJE / INVITATION TO THE INSTITUTE LECTURE<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Prof. Dr. Nuray Oktar</span></b><span lang="TR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Chemical Engineering Department, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:oktarnuray@gmail.com">oktarnuray@gmail.com</a>,</span><span lang="FR">
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:nurayoktar@gazi.edu.tr">nurayoktar@gazi.edu.tr</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">petek / Friday, 06. 11. 2015, ob / at 12:00<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<h6 style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Velika predavalnica Kemijskega inštituta / Lecture Hall at the National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana<o:p></o:p></span></h6>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#993366">Conversion of Glycerol to Fuel Oxygenates Through Etherification Reactions<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="TR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">In order to maintain biodiesel production economically feasible, glycerol obtained as a by-product needs to be utilized in the production of valuable chemicals
and fuels [1]. Etherification of glycerol with <i>iso</i>-olefins or tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) has been considered as an attractive route for its utilization [2,3]. In our studies, glycerol etherification was investigated with TBA,
<i>iso</i>-butene (IB) and <i>iso</i>-amylene (IA), using resin type solid acid catalysts (A-15, A-16, A-36, A-35, DR-2030, Relite EXC8D, Lewatit K2629 etc.). Results proved the importance of pore diffusion resistance, swelling characteristics and thermal stabilities
of the resins, as well as their Brønsted acidities, on their performance in glycerol etherification. The highest performance was obtained in the presence of Amberlyst 15, however, performance of A-36 and Relite EXC8D was comparable at higher temperatures.
Although TBA has high dissolving capacity of glycerol, water produced as by-product had some negative effects on both the rate and equilibrium of glycerol etherification. Consequently, sorption-enhanced reaction improved conversion of glycerol to ethers. Both
A-36 and Dowex DR-2030 showed excellent performance in etherification of glycerol with
<i>iso</i>-butene at 90 <sup>o</sup>C. However, oligomerization of <i>iso</i>-butene caused inhibiting effect on the etherification yields.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Our recent work proved highly promising results for the etherification of glycerol with C<sub>5</sub> reactive olefins over acidic resin catalysts. Results
obtained over A-36 in a temperature range of 120-140 <sup>o</sup>C proved that glycerol conversion and di-ether selectivity values approaching to 100 and 70 %, respectively, could have been achieved in etherification of glycerol with
<i>iso</i>-amylene. Comparison of the etherification results obtained in batch and flow reactors also proved the advantages of flow system. Here, a detailed review of our recent results on etherification of glycerol with TBA,
<i>iso</i>-butene and <i>iso</i>-amylene will be reported.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Acknowledgements:</span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> TUBITAK, Gazi University Research
Fund<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">R<b>eferences:</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[1] Ozbay N., Oktar N., Dogu G., Dogu T., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51(2012) 8788.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[2] Ozbay N., Oktar N., Dogu G., Dogu T., Int. J. Chem. React. Eng. 8 (2010) A18.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[3] Ozbay N., Oktar N., Dogu G., Dogu T., Topics Catal. 56 (2013) 1790.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span lang="FR" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:SL">Vljudno vabljeni! / Kindly invited!<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:SL"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:150%"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">Info:
</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL">prof. dr. Albin Pintar;
<a href="mailto:albin.pintar@ki.si">albin.pintar@ki.si</a></span><span lang="DE-AT" style="color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:SL">Hajdrihova 19</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:SL"><br>
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